“明谕琉球国王敕”在大连展出揭示琉球曾是中国藩属重要史实

\u003cdiv class=\"rich_media_content\"\u003e\u003c!--NO_AD_ERROR_2--\u003e\u003cp\u003e新华社大��日电（记者蔡拥军、张博群）大连旅顺博物馆近日再次展出的“明谕琉球国王敕”引起各方关注。长期从事相关研究的旅顺博物馆原副馆长韩行方认为，这道敕谕揭示了琉球曾是中国藩属的重要史实，也为研究琉球历史和日本对其侵略史提供了重要印证。\u003c!--NO_AD_0--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_0--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_0--\u003e\u003cp\u003e这次展出的“明谕琉球国王敕”系仿制品，原件存放于\u003c!--SECURE_LINK_BEGIN_0--\u003e旅顺博物馆\u003c!--SECURE_LINK_END_0--\u003e库房。敕谕落款为明崇祯二年（公�年），为黄色纸本，四周有金色云龙花纹，钤有“广运之宝”朱文方印，行文采用工整的楷书。\u003c!--NO_AD_1--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_1--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_1--\u003e\u003cp\u003e敕谕内容为：“皇帝敕谕琉球国王世子尚丰，得奏，尔父王尚宁，于泰昌元年九月十九日薨逝，尔为世子理宜承袭，特遣户科右给事中杜三策、行人司司正杨抡，封尔为琉球国中山王，嗣理国政，并赐尔及妃冠服彩币等物。念尔父绍膺国统，作镇海邦，率职输诚，慎终如始，中遭邻侮，旋致堵安，克绥提封，迄于没世。尔以元胤，国人归心，嗣服之初，倍宜兢惕。其尚祗循侯度，恪守王章，褆身以率励臣民，饬政而辑宁邦域，绸缪牖户，保固藩篱，庶无忝尔前人。用副予之显命，钦哉，故谕。颁赐……”其后，敕谕详细开列了所颁赐的物品及数量。\u003c!--AI_AD_1000--\u003e\u003c!--NO_AD_2--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_2--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_2--\u003e\u003cp\u003e韩行方曾详细研究这一文物，在其《明崇祯朝册封琉球始末考辨》一文中指出，敕谕中提到的“中遭邻侮”，指明万历四十年（公�年）日本出兵三千入侵琉球，尚宁王被俘一事。此事在《明史》中也有记载：“琉球外御强邻，内修贡不绝。四十年，日本果以劲兵三千入其国，掳其王，迁其宗器，大掠而去。”然而，“已而其王归释，复遣使修贡……四十四年，日本有取鸡笼山之谋，其地名台湾，密迩福建，尚宁遣使以闻，诏海上警备……”由此可见，当时琉球的尚宁王对明王朝确实是恭谨勤劳、忠心耿耿，因此才有敕谕中对其功绩的表彰，即“念尔父绍膺国统，作镇海邦，率职输诚，慎终如始”。\u003c!--NO_AD_3--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_3--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_3--\u003e\u003cp\u003e据韩行方考证，明王朝册封琉球共�次，崇祯年间的册封是最后一次。清顺治十一年（公�年），琉球国王尚质遣臣进京，送回“旧诏二道、敕谕一道、镀金银印一颗”，并请颁敕新印。由此，这道明崇祯年间发出的敕谕辗转归来。此后，清王朝基本沿用明制，继续对琉球的册封。\u003c!--NO_AD_4--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_4--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_4--\u003e\u003cdiv powered-by=\"qqnews_ex-editor\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cstyle\u003e.rich_media_content{--news-tabel-th-night-color: #444444;--news-font-day-color: #333;--news-font-night-color: #d9d9d9;--news-bottom-distance: 22px}.rich_media_content p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:30px;margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance);word-wrap:break-word}.rich_media_content .qn-editor-copy p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:unset;line-height:unset;margin-bottom:unset;word-wrap:unset}.rich_media_content{color:var(--news-font-day-color);font-size:18px}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:30px;margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance);word-wrap:break-word}body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content .qn-editor-copy p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]):not(.qn-editor-copy){letter-spacing:unset;line-height:unset;margin-bottom:unset;word-wrap:unset}body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content{color:var(--news-font-night-color)}}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:30px;margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance);word-wrap:break-word}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content .qn-editor-copy p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:unset;line-height:unset;margin-bottom:unset;word-wrap:unset}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content{color:var(--news-font-night-color)}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content{font-size:18px}.rich_media_content p[data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]{margin-bottom:11px}.rich_media_content\u003ediv:not(.qnt-video),.rich_media_content\u003esection{margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance)}.rich_media_content hr{margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance)}.rich_media_content .link_list{margin:0;margin-top:20px;min-height:0!important}.rich_media_content blockquote{background:#f9f9f9;border-left:6px solid #ccc;margin:1.5em 10px;padding:.5em 10px}.rich_media_content blockquote p{margin-bottom:0!important}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content blockquote{background:#323232}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content blockquote{background:#323232}}.rich_media_content ol[data-ex-list]{--ol-start: 1;--ol-list-style-type: decimal;list-style-type:none;counter-reset:olCounter calc(var(--ol-start,1) - 1);position:relative}.rich_media_content ol[data-ex-list]\u003eli\u003e:first-child::before{content:counter(olCounter,var(--ol-list-style-type)) '. 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“明谕琉球国王敕”在大连展出 揭示琉球曾是中国藩属重要史实

“明谕琉球国王敕”在大连展出 揭示琉球曾是中国藩属重要史实

“明谕琉球国王敕”在大连展出揭示琉球曾是中国藩属重要史实

“明谕琉球国王敕”在大连展出揭示琉球曾是中国藩属重要史实